Green’s Dictionary of Slang

atlas n.

[both ult. f. the mythical Atlas, who held up the earth in his hands, though note 20C US strong man Charles Atlas (1894–1972)]
(US prison)

1. a very strong prisoner.

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[US]R. Klein Jailhouse Jargon and Street Sl. [unpub. ms.].

2. a prisoner who attempts to carry out everything unaided.

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[US]R. Klein Jailhouse Jargon and Street Sl. [unpub. ms.].