Green’s Dictionary of Slang

heathen philosopher n.

[image of Greek philosophers who trad. scorned the niceties of dress]

a ragged vagrant, whose flesh can be seen through his garments.

[UK]B.E. Dict. Canting Crew n.p.: Heathen Philosopher, a sorry poor tatter’d Fellow, whose Breech may be seen through his Pocket-holes.
[UK]New Canting Dict. [as cit. c.1698].
[UK]Bailey Universal Etym. Eng. Dict. [as cit. c.1698].
[UK]Grose Classical Dict. of the Vulgar Tongue n.p.: Heathen Philosopher. One whose breech may be seen through his pocket-hole: this saying arose from the old philosophers, many of whom depised the vanity of dress to such a point, as often to fall into the opposite extreme.
[UK]Lex. Balatronicum.
[UK]Egan Grose’s Classical Dict. of the Vulgar Tongue.