Green’s Dictionary of Slang

Horse, the n.

also Old Horse, the

1. Bridge Street prison, Blackfriars.

[UK]County Chron., Surrey Herald 26 Oct. 3/4: He had since been in the ‘Stone Jug’ (Newgate), the ‘Horse’ (City Bridewell), the ‘Lane’ (Horsemonger Lane Goal), [and] the "Steele’ (House of Correction).
[Ire]Cork Examiner 6 Feb. 4/3: ‘I have been in prison three times [...] three times in Brixton, three times in the Old Horse (Bridewell) [...] once in the ‘Steel’.
[UK]H. Mayhew Great World of London II 82: The cant or thieves’ names for several London prisons or ‘sturbons’ [...] is as follows:- [...] City Bridewell, Bridge St. Blackfriars ... The Old Horse.
[UK]Leaves from Diary of Celebrated Burglar 53/1: When this ‘wire’ gor a ‘drag’ to the ‘old horse’ (City Bridewell), Joe edged himself into the Scotch boy’s ‘mob’.

2. Horsemonger Lane prison, Southwark, London [erected 1799 as a model prison, it lasted until the 1880s; it was outside this prison on 13 November 1847 that Charles Dickens witnessed the public hanging of the murderers Frederick and Maria Manning].

[UK]G.L. Chesterton Revelations of Prison Life I 22: The New Prison at Clerkenwell was styled ‘The Wells:’ Newgate, the ‘Stone jug:’ Horsemonger-Lane, ‘The Old Horse:’ and Tothill Fields, ‘The Tea Garden’.
[UK]Hotten Dict. of Modern Sl. etc.
[UK]Hotten Sl. Dict.