Green’s Dictionary of Slang

umbrella n.1

1. a cowardly boxer, one who cannot take the punches [he ‘folds up’, thus fold v.].

[US]D. Runyon ‘The Big Umbrella’ in Runyon on Broadway (1954) 557: If Jonas is not a big umbrella he will be fighting somebody who can really fight.

2. cowardice.

[US]D. Runyon ‘The Big Umbrella’ in Runyon on Broadway (1954) 562: ‘You can boff this big ape [...] unless,’ she says, ‘there is even more umbrella in you than I ever suspect.’.

3. (US) police protection, obtained through bribery [it keeps one from being ‘rained on’ – see rain on under rain v.].

[US] ‘Sl. of Watts’ in Current Sl. III:2.

SE in slang uses

In compounds

umbrella brigade (n.) [they may dress in the bowler hat and rolled umbrella uniform of their bureaucratic masters in Whitehall]

the Special Branch.

[UK]D. Powis Signs of Crime 206: Umbrella Brigade Ironic police term for the Special Branch.
[UK]J. Morton Lowspeak 143: Umbrella brigade – the Special Branch.