Green’s Dictionary of Slang

jack n.17

[abbr. jack roller n. (1)]

(US) a mugger, a thief.

[US]N. Anderson Hobo 51–2: Scarcely a day goes by on Madison Street but some man is relieved of a ‘stake’ by some ‘jack’.

In compounds

jack-boy (n.)

(US police) an armed robber.

[US]TV Guide 17 June 18: Others flock here too: Jamaican Jack-boys — rip-off artists armed with MAC-10 submachine guns [HDAS].
[US]D. Lehane Gone, Baby, Gone 210: ‘Why go to all this trouble when he could have hired a couple of jack boys to pop Mullen and Gutierrez’.
jack racket (n.)

the act of mugging.

[US]‘Goat’ Laven Rough Stuff 17: After this we were afraid to work the jack-racket any longer in the neighbourhood.

In phrases

run a jack (v.)

to grab a man’s shirt and pull it over his head, before robbing him.

[US]G. Scott-Heron Vulture (1996) 139: Running a jack is the street term for grabbing a man’s shirt and pulling it over his head.