Green’s Dictionary of Slang

a general excl. of annoyance, irritation.

1600		J. Day Blind Beggar of Bednall-Green Act III: O pox choke him for a slave hither our Country Franklins flockmeale swarme, / and John and Joane come marching arme in arme.
1609		Dekker Gul’s Horne-Booke 30: Their Poet cries perhaps a pox go with you.
1614		Jonson Bartholomew Fair II v: Oh, the pox!
c.1618		Massinger & Field Fatal Dowry (1632) IV i: Pox! thou hast burnt me.
1627		G. Peele Merrie Conceited Jests 2: They abuse the fare they carrie with foule speeches, as A pox or the Deuill go with you.
1664		Etherege Love In A Tub I iii: A pox confound all Ordinaries.
1672		Wycherley Love in a Wood I i: sir simon: A pox, if a mans understanding be not so publick as theirs, he cannot do a wise action but they go way with the honour of it.
1681		D’Urfey Sir Barnaby Whigg 16: Pox, I hate a sneaking Crime, it gets a man no credit.
1700		Congreve Way of the World I ii: Ay, ay; pox, I’m malicious, man!
1706		R. Estcourt Fair Example III i: Pho! Pox!
1721		Penkethman’s Jests 7: Ah Pox! this comes o’ your Writing and Reading, you silly Dog.
1722		‘Whipping-Tom’ Rod for a Proud Lady II 5: Almighty Pox! [...] His Codpiece Passion – did inspire, To set both Body and the Soul on Fire.
1754		Foote Knights in Works (1799) I 76: Pshaw! pox! prithee, Tim, nobody dresses now.
1787		‘Peter Pindar’ ‘Peter’s Prophecy’ Works (1794) II 136: Poh! p-x! don’t laugh.